ARE summary

CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS
Site plan
Floor plans
Roof plan
Reflected ceiling plan
Exterior elevations
Building sections
Wall sections
Interior elevations
Schedules
Structural drawings
Mechanical and plumbing drawings
Electrical drawings
SPECIFICATIONS DESCRIBE (part of project manual)
Project manager is responsible
Types of materials
Quality of materials
Quality of workmanship
Methods of fabrication
Methods of installation
General requirements

SPECIFICATIONS: Divisions, Sections, Parts. CSI MASTERFORMAT 1995
09250 Gypsum drywall
09300 Tile
09550 Wood flooring
09680 Carpeting
09900 Painting

Division 00 Procurement and contract requirements

Division 01 General requirements
Division 02 Existing conditions (Site work)
Division 03 Concrete
Division 04 Masonry
Division 05 Metals
Division 06 Wood, plastic and composites
Division 07 Thermal and moisture protection
Division 08 Doors and windows (Openings)
Division 09 Finishes
Division 10 Specialties
Division 11 Equipment
Division 12 Furnishings
Division 13 Special construction
Division 14 Conveying equipment
Division 15 Mechanical
Division 16 Electrical
MASTERFORMAT 2004
01 11 00
TTTYPES OF SPECIFICATIONSPROPRIETARY (closed specifications) (SOLE SOURCE)
Brand names
Most restrictive
Architect controls it
Easier and short
Do not allow competitive bidding
Burden is on the specifier
2 variations
1.- 3 different manufacturers (burden on the Architect)
2.- Approved equal (burden on the contractor)
PERFORMANCE (open specifications) (EQUAL)
Define products or systems by describing desired end results
Final results
Public projects
-Descriptive specifications
-Reference standard specifications
REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS
Refer to quality standards by recognized testing authorities
DESCRIPTIVE SPECIFICATIONS
Are the most detailed of all specifications

CASH ALLOWANCE SPECIFICATIONS
Are used in lieu of specifying a particular portion of the work

ADA is a LAW – is not a “CODE” for Hearing, Vision, Speech and Mobility
1:20 = 5% WALKS SLOPE 0.05
1:50 = 2% CROSS GRADIENT 0.02
1:10 = 1% FLARED 0.1
1:12 = 8 1/3% PITCH 0.083
1:16 = 6 1/4% 0.0625

RAMP

RAMPS 3' WIDE
RAMP LENGTH 30'
HANDRAIL 6"-72"

DRAINAGE

1.      Paved area = 1% - 1.5%

2.      Too flat = -1%

3.      Parking area = 1% - 5%

4.      Pedestrians = ¼” – 2%

5.      Underground pipes = 0.3% min.

6.      Lawn = 2%

U-VALUE = the bigger the number the better it is

R-VALUE = Smaller is better, lower = efficient

HC PARKING
7-50 2HC
51-100 3HC
101-150 5HC
OVER 150 5+2 FOR EVERY ADDITIONAL 100
SIDEWALKS = 5' = 2 WHEELCHAIRS
5' TURNING DIAMETER
EXIT ACCESS


1. EXIT ACCESS
2. THE EXIT
3. THE EXIT DISCHARGE
500 PERSONS = 2 EXITS
501-1000 PERSONS = 3 EXITS
1000 + PERSONS = 4 EXITS
MAXIMUM DEAD END = 20’

HISTORY
1. CORNICE
2. FRIEZE
3. ARCHITRAVE
ENTABLATURE
GREEK/ROMAN ORDER
DORIC = TUSCAN
IONIC = DORIC
CORINTHIAN = IONIC
TUSCAN = CORINTHIAN
COMPOSITE = COMPOSITE
DORIC, IONIC CORINTHIAN = GREEK ORDERS = ADOPTED & MODIFIED BY THE ROMANS
CENTRAL PARK 1857 PICTURESQUE OLMSTEAD
PIAZZA OF SAINT PETER 1655 BERNINI - RENAISSANCE
GRID IRON CITY PHILADELPHIA 1682
GRID SAVANHA 1733
WASHINGTON L'ENFANT
FEDERAL
BAROQUE
GOTHIC
ART NOUVEAU

CONSTRUCTION TYPE

CONSTRUCTION CLASSIFICATION
1 Acre 43560
1 Acre 4840 SQ Yards
1Mile 5280 feet
1 Cubic yard 27

PARKING
9'X19' = 171
9'X18' = 162
HC Parking 12'x18' = 216

ROADWAYS
Local
Collector
Arterial
Highway
BOULEVARD = 100 'WIDE
STREET = 80'WIDE MEDIUM SPEED
AVENUE 80'WIDE SHORT DISTANCE MEDIUM SPEED

PARKING
300SF = Parking spaces , access and driveway
400SF = Parking spaces, driveways and walkways (preliminary planning)

CLIMA
Temperate
Hot-Arid
Cool
Hot-Humid
Comfort zone 65-75

ALBEDO
0.0 Black Absorb
1.0 White Reflect

STC
STC offices 45-50
STC mechanical rooms 50-60
STC bedrooms 48-55
6Db reducing by doubling the distance


SOILS
Gravel 0.75 3"
Sand 0.003 0.079
Silts 0.003
Clay 0.0002
Organic

TEST METHODS
Core borings
Test pits
Auger borings
Wash boring
Soil load tests
Proctor test
Pit test
Dry sample boring test


Soil load test
UBC 10 BLDG OCCUPANCY
TABLE 3-1 OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATIONS
Occupancy, Group, Classification Fire Index
A High hazard 4
Paint shop and storerooms; industrial smoke houses; grain elevators; tanneries with enameling or japanning; distilleries; sugar, starch, cereal, feed, flour, and grist mills; any space containing gas distribution piping at pressure levels above fifteen psig

B-1 Storage (moderate hazard) 3
Warehouses; storerooms; freight depots; stables; coal pockets; group 1 public garages**

B-2 Storage (low hazard) 2
Warehouses; storerooms; private garages; green houses; group 2 public garages**

C Mercantile 2
Retail stores; shops; sales rooms; markets

D-1 Industrial (moderate hazard) 3
Baking plants; breweries; automotive repair shops; †foundaries; heliports; scenery shops

D-2 Industrial (low hazard) 2
Mechanical and electrical equipment rooms; power plants, and boiler and furnace rooms, except those containing gas distribution piping at pressure levels above fifteen psig; commercial laundries; vocational training shops; laboratories; nonresidential kitchens

E Business 2
Office buildings; banks; civic administration buildings; radio and television stations not classified as places of assembly or as equipment rooms; telephone exchanges; barber and beauty shops; automotive
service stations; neighborhood family care centers; medical offices or group medical centers

F-1a Assembly (theaters, etc.) 1
Theaters; playhouses; opera houses]***
F-1b Assembly (churches, concert halls, etc.) 1
Churches; lecture halls; court rooms; convention halls; concert halls; sports arenas; planetariums; motion picture theaters

F-2 Assembly (outdoors) 1
Grandstands; bleachers; stadiums; drive-in theaters; amusement attractions and devices; bandstands; skating rinks

F-3 Assembly (museums, etc.) 1
Exhibition halls; galleries; gymnasiums; museums; passenger terminals; bowling alleys; billiard parlors; skating rinks

F-4 Assembly (restaurants, etc.) 1
Restaurants; night clubs; cabarets; dance halls; ballrooms; banquet rooms; cafeterias; snack bars; taverns; coffee houses

G Education 1
Schools; academies; universities; libraries

H-1 Institutional (restrained) 1
Jails; prisons; reformatories; mental institutions

H-2 Institutional (incapacitated) 1
Hospitals; sanitariums; clinics; nursing homes; orphanages; homes for the aged; day nurseries

J-1 Residential (hotels, etc.) 1
Hotels; motels; lodging houses; rooming houses

J-2 Residential (apartment houses, etc.) 1
Apartment houses; apartment hotels; school dormitory buildings

J-3 Residential (one-and-two-family dwellings) 1
One-family and two-family dwellings; rectories; convents; [group homes]***

K Miscellaneous 1
Sheds; fences; signs

*This list of occupancies is representative only and is not complete. See reference standard RS 3-3 for additional listings.
**See article ten of subchapter seven of this chapter.
***Copy in brackets not enacted but probably intended.
†As enacted but “foundries” probably intended.

UBC CONSTRUCTION TYPE TABLE 503
I A/B Fire resistive CONCRETE/STEEL
II A/B Fire resistive CONCRETE/STEEL
III A/B MASONRY/EXTERIOR, WOOD/INTERIOR
IV A/B HEAVY TIMBER
V A/B Less fire resistive

TABLE 3-3 CONSTRUCTION CLASSES
Construction Group Class
I-Noncombustible
I-A— (4-hr. protected)
I-B— (3-hr. protected)
I-C— (2-hr. protected)
I-D— (1-hr. protected)
I-E— (unprotected)
II-Combustible

II-A— (heavy timber)
II-B— (protected wood joist)
II-C— (unprotected wood joist)
II-D— (protected wood frame)
II-E— (unprotected wood frame)
Wind speed MPH 70-80
Pressure PSF 13 17

A OWNER CONTRACTOR
B OWNER ARCHITECT
C ARCHITECT CONSULTANT
D ARCHITECT INDUSTRY
G ARCHITECT'S OFFICE PROJECT FORMS

Mezzanine 1/3 of the area
High of a building is determined by the construction type Occupancy group II


ZONNING REGULATIONS
Section = 1 mile x 1 mile
Township = 6 mile x 6 mile = 36 sq miles
Check = 24 mile x 24mile = 576 sq miles
Check = 16 Townships

PROJECT MANUAL
1. Title sheet
2. Signature sheet
3. Table of contents
4. Bid form
5. Instructions to bidders
6. Proposed owner-contractor agreement
7. General conditions and Supplementary conditions
8. Sample forms
9. A311 Bond form

10. G702 Application & certificate for payment
11. G703 continuation of G702
12. C704 Certificate of substantial completion
13. G707 consent of surety of final payment form
14. G707a
15. List of drawings
16. Index of specifications
17. Specifications 1-16

FINAL PAYMENT
1. Final payment (contractor shall submit)
2. Affidavit of debts
3. Written consent of the surety
3. Receipts, waivers

TYPICAL PROJECT MANUAL
1. Bidding requirements
-Invitation to bid

-Instructions to bidders
-Information available to bidders
-Prequalification forms
-Bid forms and attachments
-Bid security (bond) forms
2. Contract forms
-Agreement
-Performance bond
-Payment bond
-Certificates of insurance
3. Contract conditions
-General conditions
-Supplementary conditions
4. Specifications
-Divisions 1-16 CSI Masterformat


CONTRACT DOCUMENTS
1. Working drawings
2. Specifications
3. Addenda
4. General conditions of the contract

5. Supplemental conditions
6. Owner-Contractor agreement
(Does not include instructions to bidders)

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS
1. Bidding requirements
2. Contract forms
3. Conditions of the contract
4. Specifications
5. Drawings
6. Addenda
7. Contract modifications

BIDDING DOCUMENTS
1. Bidding requirements
-Invitation to bid
-Instructions to bidders
-Information available to bidders
-Prequalification forms
-Bid forms and attachments
-Bid security (bond) forms

2. Contract forms
-Agreement
-Performance bond
-Payment bond
-Certificates of insurance
3. Contract conditions
-General conditions
-Supplementary conditions
4. Specifications
-Divisions 1-16 CSI Masterformat
5. Drawings
-Working drawings
6. Addendum
-Additions
-Deletions
-Clarifications
-Corrections to the bidding documents

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS
1. Bidding requirements
-Invitation to bid
-Instructions to bidders
-Information available to bidders
-Prequalification forms
-Bid forms and attachments
-Bid security (bond) forms
2. Contract forms
-Agreement
-Performance bond
-Payment bond
-Certificates of insurance
3. Contract conditions
-General conditions
-Supplementary conditions
4. Specifications
-Divisions 1-16 CSI Masterformat
5. Drawings
-Working drawings
6. Addendum
-Additions
-Deletions
-Clarifications
-Corrections to the bidding documents
7. Contract modifications
-Amendments to the contract documents


CONTRACT DOCUMENTS

2. Contract forms
-Agreement
-Performance bond
-Payment bond
-Certificates of insurance
3. Contract conditions
-General conditions
-Supplementary conditions
4. Specifications
-Divisions 1-16 CSI Masterformat
5. Drawings
-Working drawings
6. Addendum
-Additions
-Deletions
-Clarifications
-Corrections to the bidding documents
7. Contract modifications
-Amendments to the contract documents

DIRECT PERSONAL EXPENSES (DPE)
Salaries
Wages
Benefits
Employment taxes
Insurance
Sick leave
Holidays
Vacation
Pensions

BASIC SERVICES
1. Schematic design
2. Design development
3. Construction documents
4. Bidding or negotiation
5. Construction contract documents

ADDITIONAL SERVICES

1.      Programming

2.      Multiple pre-designs

3.      Measured drawings

4.      Existing facilities

5.      Site evaluation B203

6.       Building information modeling

7.      Civil engineering

8.      Landscape design

9.      Architectural interior design B252

10.   Value analysis

11.   Detailed cost estimating

12.   On site project representative

13.   Conformed construction documents

14.   As designed record drawings

15.   As constructed record drawings

More…

OVERHEAD AND PROFIT

1.      General overhead 8% - 15%

2.      Project overhead 4%, 10% and 20%

3.      General insurance

4.      Profit 5% - 25% small

5.      Profit 15% - 20% medium

6.      Profit 10% - 15% large

7.      Profit5% - 10% very large

SPECIAL CONDITIONS

1. General
2. Supplemental

ARCHITECT'S DESIGN DECISIONS
1. Cost
2. Function
3. Aesthetics
4. Time
5. Sustainability

SUSTAINABILITY
1. Design that uses less
2. Design that recycles components
3. Design that have components that are recyclable
4. Design that are fully biodegradable

GOAL OF LEED
1. Sustainable sites
2. Water efficiency
3. Energy and atmosphere
4. Materials and resources
5. Indoor air quality
6. Innovation and design practice

COSTS
1. Materials

2. Labor
3. Equipment

4. Overhead
5. Contractor profit

TOLERANCES
2" poured concrete footings
1/4" in a 10' wall out of plumb
1/64" in a woodwork

STRUCTURAL
Expansion joints @ every 125'

INSULATION
Vapor Barrier install inside to prevent condensation

INSTRUMENTS OF SERVICE (creative work by the Architect)

1.      Studies

2.      Surveys

3.      Models

4.      Sketches

5.      Drawings

6.      Specifications

BASIC STEPS TO DETERMINE BUILDING CODE COMPLIANCE

1.      Construction documents

2.      Use group

3.      Height and area limitations

4.      Type of construction (materials)

5.      Siting, location of building in site

6.      Fire performance

7.      Interior environment and design, occupancy requirements, means of egress, aisle, corridors, doors & stairs.

8.      Exterior envelope for energy conservation Net zero

9.      Structural performance

10.   Building service system

PROJECT CODE ANALYSIS – CODE COMPONENTS

1.      Occupancy type

2.      Construction type I,II,III,IV,V

3.      Building floor area

4.      Building height

5.      Exits/Egress

6.      Building separation shafts

7.      Fire protection

8.      Fire extinguishing system

9.      Engineering requirements

CONTINGENCIES

1.      10% -20%

2.      Payroll

3.      Unforeseen conditions

TASKS ASCENDING

1.      Client approval 1

2.      Bidding phase 1.5

3.      Schematic design 2

4.      Design development 4

5.      Construction documents 7

CHANGES IN WORK

1.      Change order: Architect, Owner and Contractor (Time and work)

2.      Change directive: Owner and Architect

3.      Minor change in the work: Architect only

TYPES OF WALLS

1.      Solid masonry walls

2.      Hollow masonry walls

3.      Cavity walls

4.      Veneered walls

5.      Reinforced masonry walls

6.      Grouted masonry walls

7.      Retaining walls

8.      Gravity walls

9.      Cantilevered walls

10.   Counterfort or buttressed walls